Shingle



Filed Dec. 25, 1952 Nov. 17, 1953 4 Sheetg-Sheet 1 Y/ I illl v mmvrox.flame flenwaau H. ABRAHAM 2,659,322

- SHINGLE Nov. 17, 1953 SHINGLE 7 Filed Dec. 23, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR. flemaefir haw MM H. ABkAHAM 1 2 ,659,322

. 1953 2 ABRAHAM 2,659,322

A SHINGLE Filed Dec. 2:5, 1952 4-S heets 9 IN VENTOR. Haeezkr /48l?4rl4M Nov. 17, 1953 SHINGLE Filed Dec. 23, 1952 7 IN V EN TOR.

H. ABRAHAM I 1 2,659,322

4 snug-sheet 4 Patented Nov. 17, 1953 SHIN GLE Herbert Abraham, NewYork, N. Y., assignor to The Ruberoid 00., New York, N. Y., acorporation of New Jersey Application December 23, 1952, Serial N 0.327,580

7 Claims.

1 This invention relates to improvements in a shingle of the kindcommonly known as an asphalt shingle either in the form of an individualshingle or in the form of a strip shingle consisting preferably of twounits integrally joined together in a flat strip, although the strip insome cases may consist of more than two units.

The invention is specifically concerned with shingles of the square-butttype, that is shingles the butts or exposed portions of which when laidpresent a rectangular pattern or form, with the butts of adjacentshingles or units of a course spaced apart by vertical slots.

Shingles of the square-butt type are very popular in that they give theroof a neat, symmetrical and attractive appearance. One objection,however, to the ordinary shingles of this type is that the butts areunsecured with the consequent likelihood of their being turned up bywind.

In my Patent No. 2,452,708 I have shown and described a strip shingle ofthe square-butt type having self-contained means for locking down thebutts. It has been found however that as the construction compriseslocking flaps 1n the body of the strip, difficulty has been experiencedin properly and expeditiously laying them in interlocked relation.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a shingle ofthe square-butt type that can be easily and quickly laid with its buttor butts securely fastened down.

Another object is to provide shingles that can be cut from webs ofasphalt roofing material or" conventional Widths with relatively littlewaste.

A further object is to provide shingles that when laid will effect aroof covering of the square-butt type having the butts fastened, withthe least amount of material per square required to obtain the desiredeffect.

A still further object is to provide shingles of the interlockingsquare-butt type that are designed to overlap sufiiciently when laid toobtain the maximum safety at all potential points of leakage in the roofcovering. It has been found in practice that to safeguard adequatelyagainst leakage the shingles should have an overlap of at least twoinches at all such points.

In the drawings, in which several embodiments of the invention areshown:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a twin square-butt shingle embodying theinvention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view illustrating the manner of cutting the shinglesfrom av web of material with the least amount of waste;

2 Fig. 3 is a plan view of shingles of the form of Fig. I laid ininterlocked relation, staggered in halves;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of another form of squarebutt twin shingleembodying the invention;

Fig. 5 is a plan view illustrating the manner of cutting said shinglesfrom a web of material;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of shingles of the form of Fig. 4 laid ininterlocked relation, staggered in thirds;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a form of lock-down individual square-buttshingle;

Fig. 8 is a plan view illustrating the manner of cutting the form ofshingles of Fig. 7 from a web of material;

Fig. 9 is a plan view of shingles of the form of Fig. 7 laid ininterlocking relation, staggered in thirds;

Fig. 10 is a plan view of a modified form of individual shingle ofthesquare-butt type;

Fig. 11 is a plan view showing a manner of cutting shingles of the formof Fig. 10; and

Fig. 12 is a plan view of shingles of the form of Fig. 10 laid ininterlocked relation, staggered in thirds. v

The several species of the invention illustrated in the drawings allhave, among other things, the following reatures in common; (1) theyeach form roof coverings of the square-butt type, that is havingrectangular exposed patterns spaced apart by vertical slots, when laidin inter locked relation; (2) each has at least one locking tab alongits butt or lower edge; (3) each tab has a horizontal opening or slitcut therein in line with the butt edge; (4) each has a horizontalopening or slot cut therein at the upper end of the vertical slot and ata right-angle to said slot; (5) when the shingles are applied to a roofno portion of their locking tabs is visible in the vertical slots thatintervene the rectangular exposed patterns; (6) the shinglesareselfaligning both horizontally and vertically; and (7) they have ahigh wind resistance.

Referring to Fig. 1, lo incncates a shingle of asphalt roofing materialor other suitable substance formed with two similar rectangularshingle-simulating portions Ii each having a straight horizontal loweror butt edge l2. A vertical cut-out or slot l3 intervenes the twoportions II, and a notch or recess i5 is cut in one side edge whichnotch or recess, as seen in Fig. 3, forms a space similar to slot l3when the shingles of a course are laid side by side.

An opening or slot I5 is cut in the material at the upper end of theslot l3 at a right angle thereto. A similar opening or slot I6 is cutinwardly in the slots- IS and: I6 01 the next from the notch it in ahorizontal alignment with the slot 15. Locking tabs l1 and I8 extenddownwardly from the butt edges 12 of the two shinglelike portions ll.Horizontal openings or slits i9 and 20, in line with the edges i2 arecut in the tabs I1 and I8, respectively. As seen in Fig. 1 the slit 20is-Qiorter than the slit [9; preferably about two thirds the length, forthereason hereinafter stated. The distance X between the inner end oreach oi said slits erably equal to the length "Y of either of the slotsl5 and I6, so

are interlocked.

With this construction and. relationship, of parts, when the shinglesare laid in interlocked relation as indicated in Flg. 3, slits l9 and 20of one course engaged and locked lower course, no part oi the lockingtabs willbe visible in the slots. It has been found in practice thatapplication of the shingles m interlocked relation is facilitated byhaving the tab it somewhat shorter or narrower horizontally than the tabH; as shown in Fig. l.

-outs 2| and 22- are formed-in the upperedge portion 23 of each shingle.These cut-outs are complementary, respectively, in contour to thelocking tabs H and i8 and so permit of cutting the shingles from a webof roofing material with a minimum oi'waste, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

Another form ofshingle Wis illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, and 6. In thatform, as in the preceding form, the shingle has two similar rectangularshingle-simulating portions ll each having 'a straight horizontal buttedge I2, the two portions being separated by a vertical cut-out or sloti3. The cut-out 13 has a slot or opening 15 at its upper end at aright-angle thereto, and a corresponding slot or opening it is cutinwardly from one side edge, in line with the opening 15. In thisinstance the side edge into which the opening 15 is cut is a straightvertical edge. However a notch or recess 24, with an inclined upper end25, isformed in the opposite side edge, which notch forms a space,sim-ilarto slot 13, when the shingles of a course are laid side by side,as in Fi 6.

The shingle of Fig. 4 has locking tabsl1 and is each formed with ahorizontal opening or'slit I 9 and 20, respectively, in line with thebutt edgel2. In this form of twin shingle thelengthof the two slits l9and 20 may be the same without detriment to ease of application. This isdue to the fact that the lockingtabs in this case are located at one endof each shingle-simulating portion H with a, corner protruding somewhatbeyond the end, instead of being spaced from the end, as in the form ofFig. 1.

The shingles of form of Fig. 4 may be cut from a web or sheet of roofingmaterial with a minimum of waste as shown in Fig. 5, and for thatpurpose the upper edge 23 has cut-outs 2| and 22, as described inconnection with the shingles of the form of Fig. 1.

Figs. '7, 8, and 9 show a form of shingle consisting of singleunit'embodying the invention. In this form the shingle has onecontinuous vertical side edge 26, the opposite side edge having arectangular recess or notch 21 cut into it. The recesses or notches 21,when the shingles are laid as in Fig. 9, form slot-like spaces Itbetween the exposed portions of shingles of the course. To permit ofcutting with a minimum or waste, as

and the opposite end of its. corresponding tab is not greater than, andis pret.

that no partibf. theta; will; extend into slot or space it. whenthe'shinglesmediate stepped portion 4 Fig. 8, the upper end of said sideedge out into it. horizontal opening or shown in has a rectangular notch28 The unit shingle has a slot 29 cut inwardly from the side edge 28 ata distance upward from the butt edge 30 a distance equal to the heightof the recess of notch 21. It alsohas a. single locking tab it at itsbutt edge formedwith ah'orizontaloncnin or slit 82 in line with the buttedge. A cut-out 33, similar in shape and size to the tab 3 i, is formedin the upper edge portion of the shingle.

A modified form of unit shingle III is shown in Eigs lg, 1,1, and,1 2,This form diflers from the unit shinglepreviously described in that theupperportion. oi.-the-left side edge is defined by a straight vertical.line 34 which portion is connected with the notch portion 21 by aninter- 35 located half way between the top and bottom of the shingle.The edge portions. and; 21, are of equallenz ih. and the provision. of,thesteps 35, between those PO tions permit of. cutting. the shin leasaho n in. F g. lrwith no a te c t at c us y cutting, openings or.slots 29 intheedges of the wcbor sheet.

w en. sh n e o he s 10 orm r aid in interlocked. rela on. h upp se. po n34 andth te p d por n I5 01 one shing ea our e. wi l er ap he. u p r pon the U. he. adjac nt, s in le. our e. above t 9. s g ll n 2- 3 38 0.form are economicalof as per hin e. is e u re n. app i at o T ercleionsbi q t ie a esx n Y n qnne lon ith h nsleol, the torn 0 :3 8- 1applies to. al the te m, s nz i t ated and described herein, While itispreferred that the openings in thetabs be slits and thofle with whichthey interlock be slots, either slits or slots may be; interchangeably,used in either case. The t rm i e r open n as u n the l im i intendedtoincludeeither aslit oraslot.

While Ihaye shownand described several. tom! of the shingle, it is to beunderstood that the invention is not specifically. limited to thoseform.

What I claim: is:

1. A locking shingle of the square-butt type, comprising a body portion,a butt portion separated by a vertical slot from an adjoiningsi nar buttportion when opening in the body the shingle is laid, a, linear at theupper end of the vertical slot and at an angle to the slot, and alockingtab on the butt edge of the shingle, said tab having a linear openingadapted for insertion into the first-mentioned linear opening of aimmediately underlying shingle. when laid on a root, to lock down thebutt portion of the overlyl c shin le- 2, A locking shingle of thesquare-butt type, comprising a body portion, a butt portion separated;by a verticalv slot from an adjoining similar butt portion when theshingle is laid, a linear opening in the body at the upper end of saidslot and; at, an angle to the slot-, and a locking tab on the butt. ed eor, the shinsle. sa d. t b havi a linear opening, the distance from theinner end of said opening thev opposite end of the tab being not greaterthan the length of the firstmentioned opening, the opening in the tabbeing adapted for insertion into the first-mentioned opening of animmediately underlying shingle, when laid on a root, to lock down thebutt portion of the overlying shingle with no part ot the locking tabextending into the vertical slot.

3. A locking shingle of" the square-butt type,

comprising a body portion, a substantially rectangular butt portionseparated by a vertical slot from an adjoining similar butt portion whenlaid on a roof, a linear opening in the body at the upper end of thevertical slot and at a rightangle to the slot, and a locking tab on thebutt edge of the shingle, said tab having a linear opening in line withthe butt edge.

4. A locking shingle of the square-butt type, comprising a body portion,a substantially rectangular butt portion separated by a vertical slotfrom an adjoining similar butt portion when laid on a roof, a linearopening in the body at the upper end of the vertical slot and at a rightangle to the slot, and a locking tab on the butt edge of the shingle,said tab having a linear opening in line with the butt edge, thedistance from the inner end of said opening to the opposite end of thetab being equal to the length of the linear opening in the body of theshingle.

5. -A locking shingle of the square-butt type, comprising a bodyportion, a substantially rectangular butt portion, a notch in one sideedge of the shingle so that when the shingle is laid side by side with alike shingle said notch will form a vertical slot between the two, alinear opening extending into the body portion from a side edge of theshingle, and a locking tab on the butt edge of the shingle, said tabhaving a linear opening in line with the butt edge.

6. A locking shingle of the square-butt type, comprising a body portion,two butt portions separated by a vertical slot, a notch in one side edgeso that when the shingle is laid side by side with a like shingle saidnotch will form a corresponding vertical slot between the two, a linearopening extending inward from the upper end of said notch, a similarlinear opening at the upper end of the first mentioned vertical slot,and a locking tab on the lower edge of each butt portion, said tabs eachhaving a linear opening in line with said lower edges.

7. A locking shingle of the square-butt type, comprising a body portion,two butt portions separated by a vertical slot, a notch in one side edgeso that when the shingle is laid side by side with a like shingle saidnotch will form a corresponding vertical slot between the two, a linearopening at the upper end of the vertical slot separating the buttportions at a right-angle to said slot, a similar linear openingextending inward from an edge of the shingle in line with the firstmentioned linear opening, and a locking tab on the lower edge of eachbutt portion, said tabs each having a corner portion that extendssomewhat beyond the corresponding side edge of the respective buttportions, and each having a linear opening extending inward from itscorner portion in line with the lower edge of the butt portions.

HERBERT ABRAHAM.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number

